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NS 1021A: Introduction to Biology: Organisms and the Environment

Summer '08 Syllabus: Day 4
July 3

In-Class:
 

  • Lab: The Scientific Process: Designing experiments
  • Office hour

    • Homework:

    For Friday, July 4
    No class: Independence Day

    For Monday, July 7
    Read ch. 3.8, pages 61 - 62, ch. 8.5, pages 176 - 177, and ch. 9, pages 197 - 219.

    Answer the following questions (also available as a Word document in the class shared folder):
    1. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
       
    2. What is the difference in the sugars found in DNA from those found in RNA?
       
    3. Which nitrogenous bases are found in DNA?  In RNA?
       
    4. Which bases pair with each other?
       
    5. What is the backbone of a DNA (or RNA) molecule?
       
    6. How does DNA carry information?
       
    7. Look at figure 9.5 on page 202.  Which of the three possible replication methods actually happens for DNA?
       
    8. What is messenger RNA?
       
    9. What codons code for phenylalanine?
       
    10. What is the role of tRNA?
       
    11. What structure holds all the pieces together for protein synthesis?
       
    12. Is it possible for a point mutation to have no effect on the protein for which it codes?
       
    13. What are restriction enzymes?  How do they relate to "sticky ends"?
       
    14. How are plasmids used in genetic engineering?  


    Test question 2 due (see below)

    For Tuesday, July 8
    Read ch. 7.1-7.8, pages 141-153.

    Answer the following questions (also available as a Word document in the class shared folder):
    1. What is the name for the process of cell division in prokaryotes?
       
    2. List the five phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle and what happens during each phase.
       
    3. What is the difference between chromosomes and sister chromatids?
       
    4. What are the four phases of mitosis?
       
    5. What do you think would happen if cell growth and division occured without controls?


    The Scientific Process: Designing experiments (Packing Peanuts) Lab due

    Test question 3 due (see below)

    Test question 2:

    Due Monday, July 7
    10 points, about one page.
  • Discuss the scientific process: 
    1. What are the steps?  Define or explain each. 
    2. Is each step required, or can one or more sometimes be skipped?  Explain.
    3. Do the steps always happen in the same order?  Explain.
    4. Can the scientific process be applied to all fields of study?  Give examples and/or explain.
     

    Test question 3:

    Due Tuesday, July 8
    6 points, about one half page.
  • Compare and contrast DNA and RNA. Include both the structure and function of each.

    • Vocabulary:

    Nucleic acid
    DNA
    RNA
    nucleotide
    • sugar
    • ribose
    • deoxyribose
    • phosphate
    • nitrogenous base  
      • adenine (A)
      • guanine (G)
      • cytosine (C)
      • thymine(T)
      • uracil (U)
    base pair
    double helix
    complimentarity
    replication
    transcription
    Central dogma: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
    gene expression
    messenger RNA (mRNA)
    translation
    genetic code
    codon
    ribosome
    ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
    transfer RNA (tRNA)
    anticodon
    		 mutation
    point mutation
    base substitution
    redundancy in the code
    insertion
    deletion
    frame-shift mutation
    intron
    exon
    restriction enzyme
    sticky ends
    plasmid



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